Careful presurgical planning, radiographic evaluation and surgical technique will minimize complications when anatomical structures, such as the mental foramen, are positioned outside of the expected location.
The dark pigmentations that appear on dental enamel near the gingiva have a bacterial origin, and researchers note there is no definitive therapy to completely remove these stains.
Following accepted prosthetic concepts — particularly occlusion — is critical to successful long-term outcomes when restoring more complex implant cases.