The Risk of Nitrous Oxide Misuse

The controlled use of nitrous oxide is under renewed scrutiny. A lawsuit filed by Kanye West against his dentist, claiming he developed an addiction to nitrous oxide administered during dental treatment, has reignited debate around the potential for dependency. Is it possible to become addicted to laughing gas? And if so, what are the implications for dental professionals?

While nitrous oxide is generally considered safe and nonaddictive when used appropriately in clinical settings, its growing popularity as a recreational drug tells a different story. Often inhaled from whipped cream chargers or large gas canisters, nitrous oxide delivers a rapid 5 to 20 second euphoric high. This seemingly harmless effect has steadily grown its popularity, with approximately 38% of Americans reporting recreational use of nitrous oxide, according to the American College of Emergency Physicians.

Increased recreational use has led to serious consequences, including nitrous oxide-induced myeloneuropathy, which can cause irreversible nerve damage. A study published in the Lancet noted that in 2022, hospital admissions related to inhalant anesthetics, including nitrous oxide, rose sharply, particularly among younger users. Many users, especially those inhaling heavily at home or in public spaces, may unwittingly be edging into addictive territory.

Oral health professionals are now in an ethically complex position. While clinical use of nitrous oxide does not typically lead to addiction, the increasing ease of access, minimal stigma, and misleading perception of safety raise valid concerns. In rare cases, providers may be vulnerable to accusations of enabling or overlooking misuse. Click here to read more.